"This study examined associations between sexualized media consumption, sexual double standard (SDS) norms, and sexual coercion perpetration and victimization in late adolescence and whether these associations were moderated by gender. Participants were sexually active Dutch secondary school students aged 16–20 years (N = 255, 58.4% girls). Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire at a single time-point. Overall, more sexualized media consumption was associated with higher odds of both sexual coercion perpetration and victimization. These associations did not differ by gender. Specifically, viewing online pornography and sexually oriented reality television more frequently were associated with higher odds of sexual coercion perpetration, whereas viewing others’ sexy social media posts more frequently was associated with higher odds of sexual coercion victimization. Finally, stronger endorsement of SDS norms was associated with lower odds of sexual coercion perpetration in girls, but with comparatively higher odds of sexual coercion perpetration in boys. Results indicate that consuming sexualized media and societal sexual double standards is associated with an increased risk of sexual coercion experiences in adolescence."
... "The findings that more exposure to several types of sexualized media are related to both sexual coercion perpetration and victimization are not surprising in light of previous content analyses of pornography, reality television, social media posts, and sexualized music videos (Birdsall & Keay, 2018; Bridges et al., 2010; Carrotte et al., 2017; Stevens Aubrey & Frisby, 2011). These media types often explicitly depict both sexually aggressive and dominant behaviors as well as permissive behavior and sexual objectification. Via processes such as modeling and self-objectification, adolescents might internalize the sexual behaviors they observe in the media into their own sexual scripts and repertoire (Bussey & Bandura, 1999; Karsay et al., 2018). This appears to make them susceptible to being a victim as well as a perpetrator of sexual coercion."
"Interestingly, different types of sexualized media were associated with sexual coercion perpetration and victimization. This may indicate that there are different underlying mechanisms. The media types associated with perpetration, that is pornography and reality television, are those most likely to explicitly depict sexually coercive int
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